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Arya Dewaker
Arya Dewaker (Hindi वही आर्य देवकर) is a Hindu association that built probably one of the biggest Hindu temples of Suriname. The temple attracts many visitors, both Hindus and non-Hindus, coming from Suriname and from all over the world. It is located in the city centre fields in Paramaribo.
== History ==
The temple was officially opened on 11 February 2001.〔Hoofdbestuur Arya Dewaker, ''Gedenkboek ter gelegenheid van de opening van het Multi-functioneel Centrum en Hoofdmandir'', Paramaribo: Arya Dewaker 2001, p. 9, 30.〕 Since Arya Dewaker is the most important section of the Arya Samaj in Suriname today, it is reasonable to regard this house of worship as the main temple of the 29,300 Hindus who are said to belong this Hindu reform movement inspired by Swami Dayananda Sarasvati (1823-1883).〔According to the census of 2012 Suriname counts 534,189 inhabitants; the ''CIA World Factbook'' assumes that the Hindus form 27,4% of the population, which means that there are 146,368 Hindus in the country; Joop G. Vernooij beliefs that 20% of them adheres to the Ārya Samāj (http://atjoni.com/nieuws/suriname/abs-presenteert-voorlopige-cijfers-census-2012/; https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ns.html; Joop G. Vernooij, ‘Een religieuze kaart van Suriname’, ''Interactie'' 2 (1994), Paramaribo: Bisdom Paramaribo, p. 61.). 〕
Arya Dewaker was founded on 29 September 1929 on the initiative of Mehtā Jaimīnī, an Ārya Samājī who was exiled from India at the time. Arya Dewaker means 'Aryan Sun'. On 5 February 1930 the association received formal recognition from the Dutch colonial government.〔Freek L. Bakker, ''Hindoes in een creoolse wereld'', Zoetermeer: Meinema 1999, p. 102.〕
In 1936 the association constructed its first ''mandir'', a temple, in which the members could convene and hold the ceremonies around a Vedic fire, which are characteristic for the Arya Samaj. However, it lasted until 1947 before the temple was officially inaugurated.〔Website ''Geheugen van Nederland'', http://www.geheugenvannederland.nl/?/nl/items/SURI01:H95_569PL23, accessed 30 April 2012.〕 An Aryan temple, moreover, has no images.〔The memorial book published at the 50th anniversary of Arya Dewaker recounts that the first temple was built in 1948, but the memorial book published at the opening of the new ''mandir'' in 2001 reports that this house of worship was constructed already in 1936. See: Bestuur Arya Dewaker, ''50 Jaar Arya Dewaker in kort bestek, 1929-1979'', Paramaribo: Arya Dewaker 1979, p. 20; Freek L. Bakker, ''Hindoes in een creoolse wereld'', Zoetermeer: Meinema 1999, p. 46-47; Hoofdbestuur Arya Dewaker, ''Gedenkboek ter gelegenheid van de opening van het Multi-functioneel Centrum en Hoofdmandir'', Paramaribo: Arya Dewaker 2001, p. 8. 〕 Earlier they came together in classrooms which provisorily were arranged as temple halls. The house of worship constructed in 1936 was built according to the usual pattern of an Aryan temple.〔Bestuur Arya Dewaker, ''50 Jaar Arya Dewaker in kort bestek, 1929-1979'', Paramaribo: Arya Dewaker 1979, p. 20.〕 It was demolished in 1975 to make place for a new temple, but because of a radical change in the construction plans and financial problems due to the bad economic situation of Suriname in the 1980s and 1990s the erection of this building took around twenty years.〔Hoofdbestuur Arya Dewaker, ''Gedenkboek ter gelegenheid van de opening van het Multi-functioneel Centrum en Hoofdmandir'', Paramaribo: Arya Dewaker 2001, p. 8-10, 30.〕
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